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Technical documents and research

Read our experimentation, investigation and preparation work, research papers and technical documents related to our ongoing work on a digital euro.

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Preparation phase documentation

The focus of the preparation phase, which started in November 2023, is to lay the foundations for the potential issuance of a digital euro. This includes finalising the digital euro rulebook and selecting providers that could potentially develop a digital euro platform and infrastructure.

All preparation phase documentation
15 October 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
7 October 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
2 October 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
Annexes
5 September 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
23 July 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
24 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - PROGRESS REPORT
21 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
21 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
21 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
21 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
21 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
21 June 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
27 May 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
17 May 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
15 April 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
11 April 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
11 April 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
9 April 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
9 April 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
25 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
Annexes
18 March 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
3 January 2024
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
12 December 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
12 December 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
14 November 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
14 November 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
8 November 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
7 November 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE
7 November 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE

Investigation phase documentation

Between October 2021 and October 2023, as part of the digital euro project’s investigation phase, we conducted a prototyping exercise and invited market participants to take part in market research in order to get an overview of options for the technical design of possible digital euro components and services. The experimental work was conducted in close collaboration with the market. Focus group research also feeds into the project work by providing insights into peoples’ attitudes towards digital payment methods.

All investigation phase documentation
18 October 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
18 October 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
18 October 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 October 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
10 October 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
6 October 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 September 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
12 September 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
12 September 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
18 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO PREPARATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
13 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - PROGRESS REPORT
4 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
4 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 July 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
15 June 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
13 June 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
13 June 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
7 June 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
26 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
15 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
12 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
11 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
11 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
10 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
10 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 May 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
12 June 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
24 April 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - PROGRESS REPORT
12 April 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
12 April 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
5 April 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 April 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
14 March 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
14 March 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
24 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
22 March 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
24 March 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
15 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
15 February 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - SCHEME RULEBOOK DEVELOPMENT GROUP DOCUMENTS
16 January 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
13 January 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
21 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - PROGRESS REPORT
Related
21 December 2022
LETTERS TO MEPS
23 January 2023
SPEECH
Introductory statement by Fabio Panetta, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, at the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs of the European Parliament
8 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
Annexes
8 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
8 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
8 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
2 January 2023
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
7 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
7 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
7 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
6 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
6 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
6 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
6 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
23 January 2023
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
9 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
9 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
9 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
9 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
9 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
9 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
28 November 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
17 October 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
3 October 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
29 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE - PROGRESS REPORT
Related
29 September 2022
SPEECH
Introductory statement by Fabio Panetta, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, at the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs of the European Parliament
29 September 2022
LETTERS TO MEPS
16 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
16 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
16 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
16 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
16 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
1 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
22 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
11 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
6 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
6 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
6 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
6 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
5 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
28 April 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
28 April 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
17 May 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
1 July 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
22 April 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
4 April 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
30 March 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
30 March 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Related
30 March 2022
PRESS RELEASE
30 March 2022
SPEECH
Introductory statement by Fabio Panetta, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, at the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs of the European Parliament
9 March 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
9 March 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
9 March 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
25 February 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
19 January 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
19 January 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
19 January 2022
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 November 2021
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
Annexes
10 November 2021
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 November 2021
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 November 2021
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE
10 November 2021
DIGITAL EURO INVESTIGATION PHASE

Experimentation work documentation

In September 2020 the Eurosystem’s High-Level Task Force on Central Bank Digital Currency launched experimental work on a digital euro with a view to assessing, and gaining further insights into, the technological feasibility of design choices for a digital euro.

All pages in this section