— „jurisdicții europene” înseamnă jurisdicțiile tuturor statelor membre care au adoptat moneda euro în conformitate cu tratatul, precum și Danemarca, Suedia, Elveția și Regatul Unit (doar Anglia și Țara Galilor);

— „BCN participantă” înseamnă BCN a unui stat membru care a adoptat moneda euro.

1. Toate operațiunile colateralizate având ca obiect active din rezervele valutare ale BCE (constând în contracte repo, contracte reverse repo, contracte de cumpărare/revânzare și contracte de vânzare/răscumparare) trebuie realizate utilizând următoarele contracte standard, în forma aprobată sau modificată periodic de BCE:

2. Toate operațiunile cu instrumente derivate negociate în afara piețelor reglementate având ca obiect active din rezervele valutare ale BCE (și care includ swap-urile pe rata dobânzii care sunt garantate împotriva expunerii prin active eligibile pentru garantare) trebuie realizate utilizând următoarele contracte standard, în forma aprobată sau modificată periodic de BCE:

3. Toate depozitele având ca obiect active din rezervele valutare ale BCE cu parteneri contractuali care: (i) sunt eligibili pentru operațiunile colateralizate descrise la alineatul (1) și/sau operațiunile cu instrumente derivate negociate în afara piețelor reglementate (pe piețele OTC) descrise la alineatul (2), și (ii) sunt constituite sau înregistrate în temeiul legislației oricărei jurisdicții europene, cu excepția Irlandei, trebuie realizate utilizând „FBE Master Agreement for Financial Transactions“ (Ediția 2004), în forma aprobată sau modificată periodic de BCE.

1. Dispozițiile prezentei anexe constituie termenii și condițiile suplimentare care se aplică [denumirea contractului standard căruia i se aplică prezenta anexă] din data de [data contractului] („contract“) între Banca Centrală Europeană („BCE“) și [numele partenerului contractual] („partenerul contractual“). Dispozițiile prezentei anexe se anexează la, sunt încorporate în și fac parte integrantă din contract. Dacă și în măsura în care dispozițiile din contract (altele decât dispozițiile din prezenta anexă) sau din Acordul cadru de compensare BCE din data de [data] („acordul cadru de compensare“) dintre BCE și partenerul contractual, inclusiv orice alți termeni și condiții, anexe sau tabele la contract, conțin dispoziții incompatibile cu dispozițiile din prezenta anexă sau care au un efect identic sau similar cu cele din prezenta anexă, dispozițiile din prezenta anexă prevalează și se aplică în locul dispozițiilor în cauză.

2. Cu excepția cazului în care legislația și reglementările contractuale prevăd altfel, partenerul contractual acceptă să păstreze confidențialitatea și să nu dezvăluie terților, în nici o circumstanță, nici o informație sau consiliere oferite de BCE și nici informațiile privind BCE obținute de partenerul contractual în calitatea sa de parte la contract, inclusiv dar fără a se limita la informațiile privind existența sau termenii contractului (inclusiv prezenta anexă) sau raportul stabilit între partenerul contractual și BCE în temeiul contractului, și, de asemenea, să nu utilizeze numele BCE în materiale publicitare sau promoționale.

3. Partenerul contractual este de acord să informeze BCE în scris într-un interval de timp rezonabil, cu privire la: (i) orice consolidare sau absorbție, fuziune sau cesiune integrală sau substanțială a activelor sale către o altă entitate; (ii) desemnarea unui lichidator, judecător sindic, administrator sau a oricărei persoane cu funcție echivalentă sau inițierea oricărei proceduri de lichidare sau reorganizare a partenerului contractual sau orice altă procedură echivalentă; sau (iii) modificarea denumirii partenerului contractual.

4. BCE nu renunță la imunitatea sa față de orice procedură judiciară sau față de jurisdicția oricărei instanțe și nici nu poate cădea în pretenții urmare a unei sentințe, unui ordin de executare specifică sau de instituire a sechestrului asupra oricăror bunuri ale BCE sau a confiscării activelor acesteia (fie înainte, fie după pronunțarea hotărârii), în toate cazurile, în cea mai largă măsură permisă de legea aplicabilă.

5. Față de BCE nu se aplică nici o clauză care face referire la situații de nerespectare a obligațiilor sau orice alte dispoziții, de orice fel, în care se face trimitere la faliment, insolvabilitate sau alte evenimente asemănătoare.

6. Partenerul contractual acceptă să încheie prezentul contract (inclusiv prezenta anexă) și să execute toate operațiunile în nume și pe cont propriu și nu în calitate de reprezentant al unei terțe părți.

(i) înregistrați în Statele Unite ale Americii, sau

(ii) înregistrați în Franța sau Germania care sunt eligibili doar pentru depozite, sau

(iii) cu care BCE a încheiat un FBE Master Agreement for Financial Transactions (Ediția 2004) și care sunt constituiți sau înregistrați în temeiul legislației oricărei jurisdicții europene, cu excepția Irlandei.

1.1 The purpose of this Agreement (hereinafter referred to as the „Agreement“) is to ensure that the ECB is able to net all existing positions under all outstanding transactions made between the ECB and the Counterparty, regardless of any agent or agents authorised to act on behalf of the ECB through whom the transactions giving rise to those positions may have been effected, including the central bank of any Member State of the European Union which has adopted the euro as its currency, and regardless of which office (including the head office and all branches) of the Counterparty may be involved in such transactions, and after taking into account the effect of any existing netting provisions in master or other agreements between the ECB and the Counterparty and/or provisions of mandatory law that operate with similar effect that may apply to certain of such transactions.

1.2 In this Agreement, a „netting agreement“ means any agreement for the time being in effect between the parties (and including, without limitation, this Agreement and agreements of the kind listed in Appendix 1 of this Agreement), including such modifications and additions thereto as may be agreed between the ECB and the Counterparty (hereinafter referred to as the „parties“) from time to time, which contains provisions to the effect that, should any event of default as defined for the purposes of such agreement occur, there may be an early termination, liquidation, closing-out or acceleration of transactions or obligations under transactions or any analogous event (a „default termination“) and the respective obligations of the parties under such agreement may be combined, aggregated or set-off against each other so as to produce a single net balance payable by one party to the other.

2.1 All transactions of whatever nature (hereinafter referred to as „transactions“) entered into between the parties at any time after the date of this Agreement shall be governed by this Agreement, unless the parties specifically agree otherwise.

2.2 The parties acknowledge that the terms of this Agreement, all transactions governed by this Agreement, any amendments to the terms of such transactions, and the single net balance payable under any netting agreement constitute a single business and contractual relationship and arrangement.

2.3 The Counterparty has entered into this Agreement as principal and represents and warrants that it has entered and shall enter into all transactions as principal.

2.4 This Agreement is supplemental to the netting agreements entered into between the parties prior to the date of this Agreement, and all further netting agreements and transactions entered into between the parties after the date of this Agreement shall be supplemental to this Agreement.

5.1 Should a default termination occur, the ECB shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, take an account of what is due from each party to the other under each netting agreement (including under Appendix 2 of this Agreement) in respect of which default termination has occurred and aggregate the sums due from each party to the other under such netting agreements (including under Appendix 2 of this Agreement), in every case in or converted into the base currency, and only the net balance of the account shall be payable by the party owing the larger aggregate sum.

5.2 Clause 5.1 shall continue to operate to the extent possible notwithstanding the unenforceability under applicable law of any provisions contained in any netting agreement (including under Appendix 2 of this Agreement).

9.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with English law.

9.2 For the benefit of the ECB, the Counterparty hereby irrevocably submits for all purposes of or in connection with this Agreement to the jurisdiction of the District Court (Landgericht) of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Nothing in this clause 9 shall limit the right of the ECB to take proceedings before the courts of any other country of competent jurisdiction.

1. FBE Master Agreement for Financial Transactions (Edition 2004)

2. ISDA Master Agreement (Multi-currency — Cross border 1992)

3. TBMA/ISMA Global Master Repurchase Agreement (2000 version)

4. The Bond Market Association Master Repurchase Agreement.

1. The provisions of this Appendix apply to transactions entered into between the parties that are not effectively subject to any other netting agreement.

2. Should:

3. Should liquidation and close-out under paragraph 2 of this Appendix occur, the ECB shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, take an account of what is due from each party to the other, including, as necessary, determining in respect of each transaction the ECB's total gain or loss, as the case may be, resulting from the liquidation and close-out of such transaction as at the date of such liquidation and close-out, in every case in or converted into the base currency. The ECB shall then aggregate such gains and losses and only the balance of the account shall be payable by the Counterparty, if the aggregate losses exceed the aggregate gains, or by the ECB, if the aggregate gains exceed the aggregate losses.

4. In determining in respect of each transaction the ECB's total gain or loss, the ECB shall, subject to applicable law, use a commercially reasonable method of calculation which (a) is based on, to the extent practicable and available, quotations from at least four leading dealers in the relevant market operating in the same financial centre, and (b) takes into account, where applicable, the liquidation and close-out of such transaction earlier than its scheduled value date or delivery date.

5. The parties agree that the calculation of the net sum under paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Appendix is a reasonable pre-estimate of losses suffered.

1.1. La présente Convention (ci-après dénommée la „Convention“) a pour objet de permettre à la BCE de compenser l'ensemble des positions existantes dans le cadre de l'ensemble des transactions en cours effectuées entre la BCE et la Contrepartie, sans distinction de l'agent ou des agents autorisés à agir pour le compte de la BCE par l'intermédiaire duquel ou desquels les transactions génératrices de ces positions ont pu être effectuées, y compris la banque centrale de tout Etat membre de l'Union européenne ayant adopté l'euro comme monnaie nationale, et sans distinction de l'établissement (y compris le siège social et l'ensemble des succursales) de la Contrepartie impliqué dans ces transactions, et après prise en considération de l'incidence de toutes les dispositions existantes relatives à la compensation qui figurent dans la convention-cadre ou dans les autres conventions conclues entre la BCE et la Contrepartie et/ou des dispositions de la législation applicable ayant un effet similaire et susceptibles de s'appliquer à certaines de ces transactions.

1.2. Dans la présente Convention, on entend par „convention de compensation“ toute convention en vigueur entre les parties (y compris, sans restriction, la présente Convention et les conventions de l'espèce énumérées dans l'additif 1 de la présente Convention), y compris les modifications et avenants aux textes susceptibles d'être convenus, s'il y a lieu, entre la BCE et la Contrepartie (ci-après dénommées les „parties“), qui comporte des dispositions prévoyant, lors de la survenance d'un cas de défaillance tel que défini dans le cadre de cette convention, une possibilité de résiliation, d'exigibilité anticipées ou de „close out“ des transactions ou des obligations afférentes aux transactions ou de tout événement analogue (une „résiliation pour défaillance“), les obligations respectives des parties dans le cadre de cette convention pouvant dès lors être regroupées, globalisées ou compensées réciproquement de manière à donner lieu à un solde net unique payable par l'une des parties à l'autre.

2.1. L'ensemble des transactions de toute nature (ci-après dénommées „transactions“) conclues entre les parties à tout moment après la date de la présente Convention sera régi par la présente Convention, sauf si les parties en décident spécifiquement autrement.

2.2. Les parties reconnaissent que les termes de la présente Convention, l'ensemble des transactions régies par elle, toutes les modifications apportées aux termes de ces transactions et le solde net unique payable dans le cadre de toute convention de compensation constituent une relation et un accord professionnels et contractuels uniques.

2.3. La Contrepartie a conclu cette Convention en son nom propre; elle déclare et atteste qu'elle a conclu et conclura toutes les transactions en son nom propre.

2.4. La présente Convention complète les conventions antérieures de compensation conclues antérieurement entre les parties; toutes les autres conventions de l'espèce et transactions qui seront conclues ultérieurement entre les parties compléteront la présente Convention.

5.1. Lors de la survenance d'une résiliation pour défaillance, la BCE comptabilisera dans les meilleurs délais les montants dus par chacune des parties à l'autre au titre de chaque convention de compensation (y compris dans le cadre de l'additif 2 de la présente Convention) pour laquelle est intervenue une résiliation pour défaillance et globalisera les sommes dues par chaque partie à l'autre au titre de ces conventions de compensation (y compris dans le cadre de l'additif 2 de la présente Convention) libellées ou converties dans tous les cas dans la devise de référence, seul le solde net étant payable par la partie débitrice du montant brut le plus élevé.

5.2. La clause 5.1 restera en vigueur dans la mesure du possible nonobstant le caractère inapplicable, en vertu de la loi en vigueur, de toute disposition pouvant être contenues dans une convention de compensation (y compris dans le cadre de l'additif 2 de la présente Convention).

9.1. La présente Convention sera soumise au droit français et interprétée selon ledit droit.

9.2. Dans l'intérêt de la BCE, la Contrepartie soumet irrévocablement par la présente Convention tous les cas afférents à celle-ci ou s'y rapportant à la compétence de la juridiction du tribunal (Landgericht) de Francfort-sur-le-Main, Allemagne. Aucune disposition de cette clause 9 ne limitera le droit de la BCE d'entamer une procédure judiciaire devant les tribunaux compétents d'un autre pays.

1. FBE Master Agreement for Financial Transactions (Edition 2004)

2. ISDA Master Agreement (Multi-currency — Cross border 1992)

3. TBMA/ISMA Global Master Repurchase Agreement (2000 version)

4. The Bond Market Association Master Repurchase Agreement.

1. Les dispositions du présent Additif s'appliquent aux transactions conclues entre les parties qui ne sont pas effectivement soumises à une autre convention de compensation.

2. Lors de la survenance:

3. En cas de résiliation selon les termes du paragraphe 2 du présent Additif, la BCE comptabilisera dans les meilleurs délais les sommes dues par chacune des parties à l'autre, notamment, le cas échéant, en déterminant pour chaque transaction la perte ou le gain total de la BCE résultant de la résiliation de ladite transaction à la date de résiliation, le montant étant dans tous les cas libellé ou converti dans la devise de référence. La BCE globalisera ensuite ces gains et pertes et seul le solde net sera payable par la Contrepartie si le total des pertes excède celui des gains, ou par la BCE si le total des gains excède celui des pertes.

4. Pour déterminer, dans le cadre de chaque transaction, le montant total du gain ou de la perte de la BCE, celle-ci utilisera, sous réserve de la législation applicable, une méthode de calcul commercialement raisonnable (a) fondée, dans la toute la mesure du possible, sur les cotations fournies par au moins quatre intervenants de premier rang du marché considéré et opérant dans le même centre financier et (b) prenant en compte, le cas échéant, la résiliation de la transaction intervenues antérieurement à la date de valeur ou de livraison prévus.

5. Les parties conviennent que le calcul de la somme nette aux termes des paragraphes 3 et 4 du présent Additif constituent une estimation raisonnable des pertes encourues.

1.1 Der Zweck dieses Vertrages (im folgenden: „Vertrag“) besteht darin, die Verrechnung aller bestehenden Positionen aus allen offenen Geschäften zwischen der EZB und dem Vertragspartner zu ermöglichen. Der Vertrag schließt Geschäfte ein, die die EZB über Stellvertreter (z. B. Teilnehmerzentralbanken) abschließt. Er umfaßt auch ferner alle diejenigen Geschäfte, die über die Hauptverwaltung oder eine unselbständige Zweigniederlassung des Vertragspartners mit der EZB abgeschlossen werden. Der Vertrag berücksichtigt ferner alle sonst zwischen den Parteien bestehenden Rahmenverträge oder sonstigen Vereinbarungen, die Aufrechnungsklauseln enthalten, sowie zwingende gesetzliche Vorschriften mit ähnlichen Wirkungen.

1.2 Unter einem Aufrechnungsvertrag (Netting Agreement) im Sinne dieses Vertrages (im folgenden: „Aufrechungsvertrag“) sind alle die zwischen den Parteien getroffenen (einschließlich dieses Vertrags sowie der im Anhang 1 zum Vertrag aufgeführten) Vereinbarungen in ihrer jeweiligen Fassung zu verstehen, die Klauseln enthalten, wonach im Fall eines wichtigen Grundes (event of default) insbesondere eine vorzeitige Beendigung eintritt oder eine Kündigung ausgesprochen werden kann (im folgenden: „Beendigung oder Kündigung aus wichtigem Grund“); ferner muß dort vereinbart sein, daß infolge einer Beendigung oder Kündigung Geschäfte oder Verpflichtungen fällig bzw. in verrechenbare, fällige Forderungen umgewandelt werden, die anschließend zusammengefaßt, ver- oder aufgerechnet werden mit der Folge, daß lediglich ein einziger Nettosaldo durch eine der beiden Parteien geschuldet wird.

2.1 Für alle Geschäfte, die die Parteien nach Unterzeichnung dieses Vertrages tätigen (in folgenden „Einzelabschlüsse“), gelten die nachfolgenden Bestimmungen, sofern die Parteien im Einzelabschluß nichts abweichendes vereinbaren.

2.2 Die Parteien sind sich darüber einig, daß dieser Vertrag in seiner jeweiligen Fassung, alle Einzelabschlüsse, die von diesem Vertrag erfaßt werden, und die aus Aufrechnungsverträgen resultierenden Nettosalden ein einheitliches Vertragsverhältnis bilden.

2.3 Die Vertragsparteien sichern zu, daß sie den Vertrag in eigenem Namen abgeschlossen haben und alle Einzelabschlüsse ebenfalls in eigenem Namen tätigen werden.

5.1 Sollte eine Beendigung oder Kündigung aus wichtigem Grund stattfinden, wird die EZB unverzüglich die aus den jeweiligen Aufrechnungsverträgen (sowie auch aus Anhang 2 zu diesem Vertrag) resultierenden Nettosalden errechnen und diese, nach Umrechnung in die Vertragswährung, zu einer einzigen Forderung oder Verbindlichkeit zusammenfassen mit der Folge, daß nurmehr dieser Betrag zwischen den Parteien geschuldet wird.

5.2 Z. 5.1 gilt ungeachtet dessen, daß Klauseln in Aufrechnungsverträgen (einschl. Anhang 2 zu diesem Vertrag) nach dem jeweils anwendbaren Recht nicht wirksam bzw. nichtig sind.

1. FBE Master Agreement for Financial Transactions (Edition 2004)

2. ISDA Master Agreement (Multi-currency — Cross border 1992)

3. TBMA/ISMA Global Master Repurchase Agreement (2000 version)

4. The Bond Market Association Master Repurchase Agreement.

1. Vorschriften dieses Anhanges finden Anwendung auf solche Einzelabschlüsse zwischen den Parteien, die von keinem anderen Aufrechnungsvertrag erfaßt werden.

2. Sofern

3. Sollte eine Beendigung oder Kündigung gemäß Ziffer 2 dieses Anhangs eintreten, wird die EZB unverzüglich die beiderseitigen Ansprüche ermitteln und hierbei, sofern erforderlich, den aus jedem Einzelabschluß für die EZB resultierenden Gewinn oder Verlust ermitteln, der sich aus der vorzeitigen Kündigung oder Beendigung an dem Tag ergibt, an dem die Kündigung oder Beendigung wirksam wird; sie wird ferner diese Positionen ggf. in die Vertragswährung umrechnen. Die EZB faßt dann diese Forderungen und Verbindlichkeiten zu einer einzigen Forderung oder Verbindlichkeit zusammen mit der Folge, daß nurmehr dieser Betrag zwischen den Parteien geschuldet wird.

4. Zur Ermittlung der Gewinne und Verluste der EZB aus den jeweiligen Einzelabschlüssen wird die EZB, vorbehaltlich des anwendbaren Rechtes, eine für beide Seiten angemessene Berechnungsmethode verwenden, die a), soweit möglich und vorhanden, auf den von mindestens vier bedeutenden Marktteilnehmern an dem maßgeblichen Finanzplatz gestellten Kursen oder Preisen beruht und b) hierbei in Rechnung stellt, daß die Beendigung oder Kündigung des jeweiligen Einzelabschlusses vorzeitig stattgefunden hat.

1.1 The purpose of this Agreement (hereinafter referred to as the „Agreement“) is to ensure that the ECB is able to net all existing positions under all outstanding transactions made between the ECB and the Counterparty, regardless of any agent or agents authorised to act on behalf of the ECB through whom the transactions giving rise to those positions may have been effected, including the central bank of any Member State of the European Union which has adopted the euro as its currency, and regardless of which office (including the head office and all branches) of the Counterparty may be involved in such transactions, and after taking into account the effect of any existing netting provisions in master or other agreements between the ECB and the Counterparty and/or provisions of mandatory law that operate with similar effect that may apply to certain of such transactions.

1.2 In this Agreement, a „netting agreement“ means any agreement for the time being in effect between the parties (and including, without limitation, this Agreement and agreements of the kind listed in Appendix 1 of this Agreement), including such modifications and additions thereto as may be agreed between the ECB and the Counterparty (hereinafter referred to as the „parties“) from time to time, which contains provisions to the effect that, should any event of default as defined for the purposes of such agreement occur, there may be an early termination, liquidation, closing-out or acceleration of transactions or obligations under transactions or any analogous event (a „default termination“) and the respective obligations of the parties under such agreement may be combined, aggregated or netted against each other so as to produce a single net balance payable by one party to the other.

2.1 All transactions of whatever nature (hereinafter referred to as „transactions“) entered into between the ECB and the parties at any time after the date of this Agreement shall be governed by this Agreement, unless the parties specifically agree otherwise.

2.2 The parties acknowledge that the terms of this Agreement, all transactions governed by this Agreement, any amendments to the terms of such transactions, and the single net balance payable under any netting agreement constitute a single business and contractual relationship and arrangement.

2.3 Each party represents and warrants to the other that it is a financial institution for purposes of the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (hereinafter referred to as „FDICIA“), and the parties agree that this Agreement shall be a netting contract, as defined in FDICIA, and that each receipt or payment obligation under the Agreement shall be a covered contractual payment entitlement or covered contractual payment obligation respectively, as defined in and subject to FDICIA.

2.4 The Counterparty has entered into this Agreement as principal and represents and warrants that it has entered and shall enter into all transactions as principal.

[2.5 The Counterparty represents and warrants to, and covenants and agrees with the ECB, that:

[2.5][2.6] This Agreement is supplemental to the netting agreements entered into between the parties prior to the date of this Agreement, and all further netting agreements and transactions entered into between the parties after the date of this Agreement shall be supplemental to this Agreement.

5.1 Should a default termination occur, the ECB shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, take an account of what is due from each party to the other under each netting agreement (including under Appendix 2 of this Agreement) in respect of which default termination has occurred and aggregate the sums due from each party to the other under such netting agreements (including under Appendix 2 of this Agreement), in every case in or converted into the base currency, and only the net balance of the account shall be payable by the party owing the larger aggregate sum.

5.2 Clause 5.1 shall continue to operate to the extent possible notwithstanding the unenforceability under applicable law of any provisions contained in any netting agreement (including under Appendix 2 of this Agreement).

9.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, United States of America.

9.2 For the benefit of the ECB, the Counterparty hereby irrevocably submits for all purposes of or in connection with this Agreement to the jurisdiction of the District Court (Landgericht) of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Nothing in this clause 9 shall limit the right of the ECB to take proceedings before the courts of any other country of competent jurisdiction.

1. FBE Master Agreement for Financial Transactions (Edition 2004)

2. ISDA Master Agreement (Multi-currency — Cross border 1992)

3. TBMA/ISMA Global Master Repurchase Agreement (2000 version)

4. The Bond Market Association Master Repurchase Agreement.

1. The provisions of this Appendix apply to transactions entered into between the parties that are not effectively subject to any other netting agreement.

2. Should:

3. Should liquidation and close-out under paragraph 2 of this Appendix occur, the ECB shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, take an account of what is due from each party to the other, including, as necessary, determining in respect of each transaction the ECB's total gain or loss, as the case may be, resulting from the liquidation and close-out of such transaction as at the date of such liquidation and close-out, in every case in or converted into the base currency. The ECB shall then aggregate such gains and losses and only the balance of the account shall be payable by the Counterparty, if the aggregate losses exceed the aggregate gains, or by the ECB, if the aggregate gains exceed the aggregate losses.

4. In determining in respect of each transaction the ECB's total gain or loss, the ECB shall, subject to applicable law, use a commercially reasonable method of calculation which (a) is based on, to the extent practicable and available, quotations from at least four leading dealers in the relevant market operating in the same financial centre, and (b) takes into account, where applicable, the liquidation and close-out of such transaction earlier than its scheduled value date or delivery date.

5. The parties agree that the calculation of the net sum under paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Appendix is a reasonable pre-estimate of losses suffered.